Utilidad de segunda biopsia de ganglio linfático con informe previo de hiperplasia linfoide reactiva en niños / Usefulness of second lymph node biopsy with a prior report of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia in pediatric patients

Introducción: En niños con ganglios linfáticos superficiales aumentados de tamaño se debe tener cuidado en definir quién requerirá biopsia. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la utilidad de la biopsia de ganglio linfático superficial en el diagnóstico pediátrico. Métodos: De los informes histopatológicos de 364 biopsias de niños y adolescentes se consideró edad, sexo, tiempo de evolución de la adenomegalia, área anatómica, estudios de laboratorio y gabinete, y diagnósticos histopatológicos. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizaron pruebas estadísticas paramétricas y no paramétricas. Resultados: 211 pacientes masculinos (57.9 %) y 153 femeninos (42.0 %); el grupo entre uno y seis años representó 50.8 %, el tiempo promedio de evolución fue de cinco meses, el sitio anatómico predominante fue la región cervical. En 46.9 % se trató de hiperplasia linfoide reactiva seguida de neoplasias (24 %) y procesos granulomatosos (14.5 %); en 14.6 % se incluyeron infecciones diversas; en 95 pacientes con adenopatía en sitios de alarma, 29 eran oncológicos. El coeficiente de determinación de Spearman (R2 = 0.3485) indicó especificidad de patología en esas áreas, aunque la mayoría de los diagnósticos fue de ganglios en regiones diversas; prueba de Fisher con p < 0.0001. En 25 niños con hiperplasia linfoide reactiva en primer estudio, en segunda biopsia se estableció diagnóstico; la probabilidad binomial fue p = 0.0493, con 75 % de certeza y prueba de χ2 con p = 0.0512. Conclusiones: Los ganglios en regiones de alarma indican probabilidad para encontrar enfermedad; en crecimiento persistente con informe inicial de hiperplasia linfoide reactiva debe considerarse segunda biopsia pues existe probabilidad > 75 % de establecer la causa.

BACKGROUND: Physicians in daily practice frequently attend children who present an increase in lymph node size. Care should be taken to determine which children require biopsy. Our objective was to analyze the usefulness of the peripheral lymph node biopsy in pediatric diagnosis. METHODS: We reviewed histological reports of 364 lymph node biopsies. Variables were age, sex, lymphadenopathy evolution time, laboratory and imaging studies, and histopathology diagnoses. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used. RESULTS: There were 211 males (57.9 %) and 153 females (42.0 %), the 1- to 6-year age group included 50.8% of cases. Average disease-evolution time was 5 months, and the predominant anatomic site was the cervical region. Histological report was reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) in 46.9%, followed by neoplasms in (24%), and granulomas (14.5%). Other diagnoses and normal lymph nodes represented 14.6 %. Of the 95 patients with high-risk lymphadenopathy, 29 cases had oncological diagnoses. Spearman coefficient was R(2) = 0.3485. To obtain a specific diagnosis indicates the probability of disease in lymph nodes of risk areas. However, the majority of the diagnoses were obtained from lymph nodes in different areas (Fisher's test, p <0.001). In 25 children with RLH, the binominal probability of diagnosis in the second biopsy was p = 0.0493. There was a >75% chance for detecting disease. CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral lymph nodes in high-risk regions indicate probability relationship for determining disease. In persistent lymphadenopathy with an initial report of RLH, it is important to consider a second biopsy with high probability for obtaining a specific diagnosis.

Usefulness of second lymph node biopsy with a prior report of reactive lymphoid hyperplasia in pediatric patients.

BACKGROUND: Physicians in daily practice frequently attend children who present an increase in lymph node size. Care should be taken to determine which children require biopsy. Our objective was to analyze the usefulness of the peripheral lymph node biopsy in pediatric diagnosis. METHODS: We reviewed histological reports of 364 lymph node biopsies. Variables were age, sex, lymphadenopathy evolution time, laboratory and imaging studies, and histopathology diagnoses. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used. RESULTS: There were 211 males (57.9 %) and 153 females (42.0 %), the 1- to 6-year age group included 50.8% of cases. Average disease-evolution time was 5 months, and the predominant anatomic site was the cervical region. Histological report was reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) in 46.9%, followed by neoplasms in (24%), and granulomas (14.5%). Other diagnoses and normal lymph nodes represented 14.6 %. Of the 95 patients with high-risk lymphadenopathy, 29 cases had oncological diagnoses. Spearman coefficient was R(2) = 0.3485. To obtain a specific diagnosis indicates the probability of disease in lymph nodes of risk areas. However, the majority of the diagnoses were obtained from lymph nodes in different areas (Fisher's test, p <0.001). In 25 children with RLH, the binominal probability of diagnosis in the second biopsy was p = 0.0493. There was a >75% chance for detecting disease. CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral lymph nodes in high-risk regions indicate probability relationship for determining disease. In persistent lymphadenopathy with an initial report of RLH, it is important to consider a second biopsy with high probability for obtaining a specific diagnosis.